What does the term “core” refer to in fiber optics?

In fiber optics, the term “core” specifically refers to the internal conductor that carries light signals. It is the central part of the optical fiber where light travels. The properties of the core, including its refractive index and diameter, are crucial for determining how much light can be transmitted and how effectively it can be guided through the fiber.

The core is surrounded by a cladding layer that has a lower refractive index, which helps to keep the light within the core through a principle known as total internal reflection. This design allows for minimal signal loss over long distances. Understanding the function of the core is essential as it directly impacts the performance of fiber optic systems, influencing bandwidth and signal integrity.

Other choices describe different components of a fiber optic cable, such as the outer covering or protective layers, and do not denote the specific role of the core in transmitting light signals.